Nursing Care Plan, Diagnosis & Intervention For Chest Pain, MI

Introduction of Myocardial Infarction

The muscular tissue of the heart is termed as myocardium. An infarction in the cardiac muscular tissues is termed as myocardial infarction.
Most commonly it is caused by insufficient oxygen supply to the heart tissues and usually, it occurs during coronary artery blockage.

80-90 percent of the MI is developed due to the formation of a clot in the artery, known as thrombus. When a thrombus lodges in an artery, it causes an area of necrosis distal the thrombus.

Clinical Manifestations of Myocardial Infarction

• The sudden appearance of chest pain that does not relieve by rest or drugs.
• Increased blood pressure due to the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system of the body.
• Abnormal changes in ECG (most common changes in ST-segment, T-wave changes)
• Shortness of breath and cyanosis are also very common features.

Nursing Diagnosis

• Atherosclerotic plaque and coronary thrombus results in reduced oxygen perfusion in the myocardial tissues, that thus ultimately results in insufficient cardiac functionality.
• Fluid imbalance.
• Death of anxiety

Nursing Management For a Patient with Chest Pain, Myocardial Infarction

• Myocardial oxygen supply and oxygen demand should be appropriately balanced. Drugs such as nitroglycerin are used to treat such patients.
• The Electro-cardio graph (ECG) should be done at regular intervals.
• Cardiac functions should be monitored very closely.
• Urine output and food and water intake should be monitored closely.
• The patient can go in cardiogenic shock or dysrhythmias, therefore, it should be monitored carefully.
• After MI, the patient really needs emotional and psychological support.

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