Etiology of Transposition of Great Arteries Transposition of great arteries is due to multiple reasons and is of an unknown origin. Incidence increases significantly if the patient has Diabetes Mellitus. It is a congenital defect in which aorta and pulmonary trunk arise from the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk respectively. Pathophysiology Types of Transposition of…
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Preload Preload is also called as the left ventricular end diastolic pressure is the amount of stretch of the ventricle at the end of diastole. Preload is the volume of blood left at the end of diastole and it stretches the LV to its maximum under normal physiological conditions. You can relate it to a…
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Frank Starling Law states that the stroke volume and cardiac output occur in response to an increase in venous return or end diastolic volume. It is based on length-tension relationship in the ventricle. Increase in end diastolic volume causes an increase in ventricular fiber length, which produces an increase in developed tension. It is a…
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The RMP (Resting membrane potential) is determined by the conductance to potassium ions. because Basic Terminologies Depolarization It is caused by the movement of positive ions into the cardiac cell. Or inward current that brings positive charge/ions into the cell and causes depolarization of the cell membrane. Repolarizatoin It is caused by the movement of…
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Cardiac cycle often refers to the alternating contraction and relaxation of the myocardium in the walls of the heart chambers coordinated by the conducting system during one heartbeat. The frequency of the cardiac cycle is described by the heart rate. The cycle is divided into two major phases therefore Systole Diastole Systole: The period of ventricular…
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Insuficiencia Renal: Sus riñones son un par de órganos ubicados hacia la parte inferior de su espalda. Un riñón está en cada lado de su columna vertebral. Filtran su sangre y eliminan las toxinas de su cuerpo. Sus riñones envían toxinas a su vejiga. Tu cuerpo más tarde elimina las toxinas durante la micción. La…
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La insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva (ICC) es una enfermedad progresiva crónica que afecta el poder de bombeo de los músculos de su corazón. Aunque a menudo se lo conoce simplemente como “insuficiencia cardiaca”, ICC se refiere específicamente a la etapa en la que el líquido se acumula alrededor del corazón y lo hace bombear de manera…
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El ciclo cardíaco es la secuencia de eventos que ocurre cuando late el corazón. A medida que el corazón late, circula la sangre a través de los circuitos pulmonar y sistémico del cuerpo. A medida que el corazón late, circula la sangre a través de los circuitos pulmonar y sistémico del cuerpo. Fases Del Ciclo Cardiaco Sístole…
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An abdominal aortic aneurysm is an abnormal dilation of the arterial wall caused by localized weakness and stretching in the medial layer or wall of an artery. An aneurysm can be located anywhere along the abdominal aorta. An Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is a permanent localized dilatation of the abdominal aorta. The disorder is conventionally…
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Watch World’s Best Lecture on Heart Failure – GET FREE ACCESS FOR 7 DAYS Heart failure often referred to as congestive heart failure is a condition when the heart is unable to pump enough blood according to the needs of the body. It is characterized as an abnormality of cardiac function (detectable or not) where…
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